PETTLEP Imagery Intervention to Increase State Self-Confidence and Performance. A Single Case Desing
Poster Presentation
Paper ID : 1232-SSRC
Authors
1استادیار روانشناس ورزشی گروه علوم ورزشی موسسه آموزش عالی آپادانا
2پروفسور روانشناس ورزش دانشگاه فرهنگ چین
3استاد گروه علوم ورزشی موسسه آموزش عالی زند
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a PETTLEP imagery intervention for
enhancing state self-confidence and performance in archers. It was hypothesized that, due to the
PETTLEP model, it incorporates various factors such as the physical nature of the task, the environment
in which it is performed, the timing of the movements, the emotional state, and the perspective from
which the imagery is viewed. A tailored PETTLEP script was specifically developed for this study to
target state confidence. The participants in this study were two nationally ranked athletes, providing a
high level of competitive performance for evaluation. A single-case, concurrent multiple baseline A-B
design was chosen for its flexibility, simplicity, and ability to address time-related confounding variables.
This design allows the unit of analysis to vary from behaviors to organizations, and uses a simple A-B
logic that is easier to implement than other designs. Moreover, this design reduces the influence of
confounding variables on the dependent variable by changing conditions only when the participants’
behavior reaches a steady state. The study included two phases: a 3-week baseline and a 3-week
intervention phases. During the baseline phase, the state confidence and performance were monitored
without any intervention. This phase provided a reference point against which changes during the
intervention phase could be compared. In the intervention phase, the athletes were introduced to the
PETTLEP imagery intervention. They were guided through the tailored PETTLEP script and encouraged
to use the script. The state confidence and performance of the athletes were monitored throughout this
phase. Following the PETTLEP imagery intervention, both participants showed a sustained increase in
state confidence. Moreover, the participants also demonstrated improved performance, indicating the
potential effectiveness of the PETTLEP imagery intervention in enhancing athletic performance. These
findings provide valuable insights for sports psychologists and coaches working with senior archers and
potentially other athletes.
enhancing state self-confidence and performance in archers. It was hypothesized that, due to the
PETTLEP model, it incorporates various factors such as the physical nature of the task, the environment
in which it is performed, the timing of the movements, the emotional state, and the perspective from
which the imagery is viewed. A tailored PETTLEP script was specifically developed for this study to
target state confidence. The participants in this study were two nationally ranked athletes, providing a
high level of competitive performance for evaluation. A single-case, concurrent multiple baseline A-B
design was chosen for its flexibility, simplicity, and ability to address time-related confounding variables.
This design allows the unit of analysis to vary from behaviors to organizations, and uses a simple A-B
logic that is easier to implement than other designs. Moreover, this design reduces the influence of
confounding variables on the dependent variable by changing conditions only when the participants’
behavior reaches a steady state. The study included two phases: a 3-week baseline and a 3-week
intervention phases. During the baseline phase, the state confidence and performance were monitored
without any intervention. This phase provided a reference point against which changes during the
intervention phase could be compared. In the intervention phase, the athletes were introduced to the
PETTLEP imagery intervention. They were guided through the tailored PETTLEP script and encouraged
to use the script. The state confidence and performance of the athletes were monitored throughout this
phase. Following the PETTLEP imagery intervention, both participants showed a sustained increase in
state confidence. Moreover, the participants also demonstrated improved performance, indicating the
potential effectiveness of the PETTLEP imagery intervention in enhancing athletic performance. These
findings provide valuable insights for sports psychologists and coaches working with senior archers and
potentially other athletes.
Keywords