The effects of acute exercise and exercise training on appetite-related hormones and obesity: A narrative review
Poster Presentation
Paper ID : 1388-SSRC
Authors
1, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
Abstract
Background: Obesity is one of the health problems and its metabolic complications led to much scientific attention to the adipose tissue. The pathology of obesity is associated with changes in the secretion of appetite-related hormones. Some of these hormones are secreted from fat tissue, which can lead to eating disorders. Exercise is an important strategy for the prevention and treatment of obesity as an efficient tool for reducing body fat and suppressing appetite. Exercise disturbs the energy balance and based on the type, intensity, and duration can have different effects.
Purpose: The proper selection of exercise is an important factor in the control and treatment of obesity. This review discusses the effects of acute exercise and exercise training effects on appetite-related hormones and obesity in obese people.
Methodology: Original research and review articles were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases.
Results: Due to increased energy consumption and increased lactate production, acute exercise leads to negative energy balance and appetite suppression (by cutting ghrelin secretion), respectively. Therefore, appetite can be modulated indirectly through lactate production or directly through the release of anorectic hormones. Also, it is reported that the intensity of exercise is directly linked to the increase of anorectic hormones in the blood, which would result in a net caloric deficit and the reduction of excess caloric intake. Based on most findings acute moderate to high-intensity exercise transiently suppresses feelings of appetite which are through suppression of the orexigenic hormone and elavation of the concentrations of the satiety hormones. Also, exercise training has resulted in slight changes in levels of these hormones but more intense exercise training can lead to a decrease the ghrelin and stimulation of satiety hormones. Furthermore, after exercise training, plasma glucose is maintained due to increased fat oxidation in peripheral tissues, so glucose influx into the brain and malonyl-COA production increases, and food intake is suppressed.
Conclusion: It seems that exercise through changes in appetite and hunger signals and regulatory peptides at the levels of short to long-term signals plays a role in changing energy consumption and weight control.
Purpose: The proper selection of exercise is an important factor in the control and treatment of obesity. This review discusses the effects of acute exercise and exercise training effects on appetite-related hormones and obesity in obese people.
Methodology: Original research and review articles were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases.
Results: Due to increased energy consumption and increased lactate production, acute exercise leads to negative energy balance and appetite suppression (by cutting ghrelin secretion), respectively. Therefore, appetite can be modulated indirectly through lactate production or directly through the release of anorectic hormones. Also, it is reported that the intensity of exercise is directly linked to the increase of anorectic hormones in the blood, which would result in a net caloric deficit and the reduction of excess caloric intake. Based on most findings acute moderate to high-intensity exercise transiently suppresses feelings of appetite which are through suppression of the orexigenic hormone and elavation of the concentrations of the satiety hormones. Also, exercise training has resulted in slight changes in levels of these hormones but more intense exercise training can lead to a decrease the ghrelin and stimulation of satiety hormones. Furthermore, after exercise training, plasma glucose is maintained due to increased fat oxidation in peripheral tissues, so glucose influx into the brain and malonyl-COA production increases, and food intake is suppressed.
Conclusion: It seems that exercise through changes in appetite and hunger signals and regulatory peptides at the levels of short to long-term signals plays a role in changing energy consumption and weight control.
Keywords